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How to File a Claim Against a Public Official’s Surety Bond

What is a Surety Bond?

A surety bond is a type of insurance policy that some public officials—including police officers—may be required to carry. It is designed to protect the public from misconduct, abuse of authority, violations of constitutional rights, or criminal acts by the bonded official.

If an officer violates the law or your rights, you may be able to file a claim against their bond, which can lead to financial penalties, investigations, or even loss of bond coverage (which may mean loss of employment for the officer).

Step-by-Step Instructions

  • Start by contacting the city or county risk management office or police department directly.
  • Ask: “Does Officer [Name] have a surety bond or official bond on file, and which company issued it?”
  • You may also file a public records request for the officer’s bond information (you can use the template from our Public Records Request page).

You’ll need:

  • Officer’s full name
  • Bond number (if possible)
  • Name of the bonding company (surety)
  • Agency that employed the officer
  • Dates the bond was active

Gather evidence to support your claim. This can include:

  • Videos, photos, or audio
  • Witness statements
  • Police reports or case numbers
  • Medical records (if applicable)
  • Written complaints already filed

This is a brief letter or affidavit that:

  • Describes what happened
  • Cites the officer’s misconduct or violation
  • Explains how you were harmed
  • Requests a formal investigation and compensation (if applicable)

Sample Language:

“On [date], Officer [Name] of [Department] engaged in conduct that violated my rights under [list the applicable law or constitutional amendment]. This misconduct resulted in [briefly describe harm]. I am filing a formal claim against Officer [Name]’s surety bond issued by [Bond Company] for violation of public trust and oath of office.”

Mail or email the claim directly to the surety company.

Include:

  • Your written claim
  • Copies of evidence
  • Your contact information
  • A copy to the officer’s agency for the record (optional but recommended)
  • Ask the bonding company for a written confirmation that your claim has been received.
  • Request updates in writing.
  • If the bonding company refuses to honor the claim, ask for the specific reason in writing.

Important Tips

  • Stay factual and respectful in your complaint. Avoid personal attacks.
  • If your claim is denied unfairly, you may be able to sue the bonding company in small claims or civil court.
  • Keep copies of everything you send and receive.

Legal References

  • In many states, officials are required by statute or ordinance to be bonded. You can look up local requirements by searching your state laws or city ordinances.
  • Florida example: Some law enforcement officers may be bonded through their municipality or a state-level surety.